Robert William Fogel is a Nobel Prize-winning economist whose other claim to fame is that he’s quoted in Chapter 2 of A Whole New Mind. (“[Prosperity] has made it possible to extend the quest for self-realization from a minute fraction of the population to almost the whole of it.”) Fogel has published a new paper, “Changes in the Physiology of Aging During the Twentieth Century,” that demonstrates the remarkable improvements in health and longevity over the last 100 years. He estimates that people born between 1980 and 1990 have a 50-50 chance of living to 100. Amazing.